An important realisation when working in a team is that the way you perceive and respond to the world (your personality) is NOT the “Right Way” or “The Only Way” to do things. This realisation reduces our frustration and opens us to the possibility of collaboration rather than compromise.

The team work cycle highlights the need for different personalities. Some people are better at generating ideas, some at evaluating ideas, some at making decisions and others at execution (implementation). If everyone on the team were the same, then some parts of the team work cycle would be left out.

Most team issues are due to a lack of effective communication resulting in people becoming aggressive creating conflict or becoming passive and de-motivated. The key self-leadership skill for team members is therefore ‘assertive communication.’

Communication occurs when those involve have shared meaning and understanding. Since we don’t know what something means to someone unless we ask, communication involves asking questions and getting clarification. It also means speaking up (assertive) so that others know your meanings and understandings about what and how things should be done.

Assertive team communication has been made more complex in the virtual world where we don’t have non-verbal cues and we have to factor in cultural differences in speech styles and meanings.

In my experience, what remains a constant for high performing teams is that the following things are communicated and understood by all.

1. Vision - How this work/project is important to the company and the team members.
2. Group Identity – That we are all on the same team and all benefit from the success of the work.
3. Role Clarity – That we each have a role to play and that role is clearly defined.
4. Trust - We are all different but we can trust each other to do the work to the best of our abilities.
5. Recognition - Each of us will do our best for the team and appreciate others for doing the same.
6. Communication - We will both listen to others and speak up as appropriate so that everyone shares an understanding of what is possible at each stage of the work cycle.
7. Celebration - We will celebrate together with each milestone we reach.

How does your team measure up? What can you do to make sure these things are communicated?

Have a good day at work.

All will become clear when you understand the psychological background of personality.

The word personality comes from the Latin persona, which refers to the masks once worn by actors to give clues as to the emotions driving their behaviour. Today the term personality refers to the sets of predictable behaviours by which we profile a person. These sets of behaviours are known as types or traits and profiling tools are known as psychometric tests.

Personality profiling goes back to 2400 years to Hippocrates who suggested that one’s persona is based upon four separate temperaments (Air, Fire, Earth, and Water). This was probably the first 4-box personality type profiles which are still popular today – you may have come across tools such as DISC (Marston, 1987) or Herman Brain Dominance.

Psychologist Carl Gustav Jung, (1875 – 1961) categorised mental functioning into sensing, intuition, thinking, and feeling. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a 16-type indicator of Carl Jung’s Psychological Types (1940’s) and has been one of the most enduring of the psychometric tests used by organisations.

The weakness of MBTI is that as a ‘Type’ indicator it assumes that people are one of opposites, they are either extrovert or introvert, there is no in-between. The majority of organisational psychologists and common sense, suggest that personality is a ‘Trait’ and is more like a sliding scale (standard distrubution) where your personality can be at any point on the scale (1-10).

Using factor analysis psychologists (including Costa & McCrae 1976 and Brand 1984) have demonstrated that there exist five traits that predict personality across culture. Linking this research to Management Development gives us the Big 5 model of personality.

Using the Big 5, managers, recruiters, trainers and coaches can understand the differences between people and design work, learning and development plans to suit individuals. In addition understand the Big 5 factors can help managers and consultants to create high performing teams and winning cultures.

The 5 factors (UK labels) are Will, Control, Affection, Energy and Emotionality with 13 sub factors  (see chart).

The Big 5 Psychometric test (Facet5) is completed online and takes about 25 minutes to complete. Here is a summary of the five factors for you to do a quick self evaluation:

Will is the promotion and defence of one’s own ideas. If you score high on Will you will be good at setting objectives and pushing ideas through but you may come across as stubborn and arrogant (think autocratic boss). If you score low on Will, you will be flexible and willing to listen but you may come across as a procrastinator or too easily swayed.

Control is a measure of one’s own internal standards of the right/wrong way to do things. If you score highly on control you are organised, procedural and hard working. You may come across as overcautious, inflexible and authoritarian (think civil servant). A low score on Control indicates free thinking, casual and creative; however you may come across as disorganised with no follow-through.

Affection is a measure of how we treat and relate to others. A high score on Affection will mean you are understanding and sympathetic, very good at getting people on-side. The flip side of this is that you may be too soft even naive. A low score indicates you are pragmatic and business-like, not easily taken advantage of. The risks of low Affection are that you can come across as only looking after number one.

Energy is a measure of our interaction with the social world. A high score on Energy means you are involved, lively and enthusiastic (think extrovert). This means you may get bored easily, talk too much and interrupt others. A low score for Energy indicates that you take time to get to know people and can work independently; however you may come across as distant and a poor communicator.

The fifth factor is Emotionality which is a measure of our emotional reaction to, and our ability to cope with events and people. Emotionality is an interpreting factor which can exaggerate and distort how the other factors are seen. Highly emotional people are easily upset, anxious (lose sleep) and lack self-belief and self-confidence. Low emotionality is demonstrated by people who don’t get panicked and take things as they come. Taken to extreme low emotionality can make people appear cold and unexciting.

How did you go? Did you recognise yourself? Do you have self-awareness?

When we put all these personality factors together we get a picture of how the person might behave in a particular situation. There are 17 profiles with easily understood titles such as, promoter, producer, developer, entrepreneur etc. We can use these profiles for team dynamics, job fit or for Leadership development. In fact, Big 5 can be used to instead of the Thomas- Killman conflict handling model and Belbin’s Team Roles Model, giving a universal approach to developing people in the workplace.

If you are interested how Facet5 Psychometric or Personality testing can increase the productivity of your organisation feel free to contact  Self Leadership International in Singapore.